![]() ![]() ![]() Reed-Hill: The Science, Technology and Application of Titanium, Pergamon Press, 1970, pp. Kunze: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Bania: Strength of Metals and Alloys, Pergamon Press, 1985, vol. Jones: The Science, Technology and Application of Titanium, Pergamon Press, 1970, pp. ![]() Döker: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Hoagland: Titanium Science and Technology, Plenum Press, 1973, vol. Tsuruno: Titanium '80 Science and Technology, TMS-AIME, 1980, vol. Rosenberg: The Science, Technology and Application of Titanium, Pergamon Press, 1970, pp. Eylon: Strength of Metals and Alloys, Pergamon Press, 1985, vol. Kimura: Titanium '80 Science and Technology, TMS-AIME, 1980, pp. de Meester, Titanium Science and Technology, Plenum Press, 1973, pp. Hickey, Jr.: The Science, Technology and Application of Titanium, Pergamon Press, 1970, pp. Thesis, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 1988. Latsh: Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Plenum Press, 1976, pp. Hickey, Jr.: Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Plenum Press, 1976, pp. Gehlen: The Science, Technology and Application of Titanium, Pergamon Press, 1968, pp. Welsch: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, unpublished research, 1987.į. Ziegler: Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Plenum Press, 1976, pp. Ikeda: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. West: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Moriguchi: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Hammond: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Rath: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Gillespie: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Nishimura: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, vol. Weller: in Role of Interfaces in Material Damping, B.B. Thesis, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 1985. Welsch: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, pp. Williams: Titanium '80 Science and Technology, TMS-AIME, 1980, vol. Williams: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, pp. Hammond: Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Plenum Press, 1976, pp. Chesnutt: Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Plenum Press, 1976, pp. Goode: Titanium Science and Technology, DGM, 1985, pp. Jaffee: Presentation at TMS-AIME meeting, spring 1987, Denver, CO. de Meester: Titanium Science and Technology, Plenum Press, 1973, pp. Oxygen, on the other hand, is not an embrittler, although it reduces the ductility of the beta alloy. Decoration of the beta grain boundaries with precipitates accounts for the intergranular brittle fracture. The aging embrittlement appears to be caused by alpha and some omega precipitation. Its deformation behavior varies from very ductile in solutiontreated and quenched (STQ) condition to totally brittle in aged conditions. In the beta alloy there are complex phase transformations depending on heat treatment. On the other hand, oxygen causes a change from good ductility at low oxygen concentration (0.07 wt pct) to total brittleness at 0.65 wt pct oxygen, independent of heat treatment. The ductility of the alpha alloy is little affected by aging. During aging of the alpha a small amount of Ti 3Al can form, and slight age-hardening occurs. The hardening effect of oxygen is generally unaffected by heat treatment, except for the alloys with the highest oxygen concentrations. Whereas the alpha alloy is non-age-hardenable, the beta alloy's strength can be doubled by aging. The alloys' strengths also depend on heat treatment, but in different ways. In both alloys the hardness increases in identical fashion with the square root of oxygen concentration. Their microstructure, deformation behavior, and strength were investigated with X-ray diffraction, microscopy, and mechanical tests to determine the effects of oxygen concentration and heat treatment. Two alloys, Ti-6Al-2V and Ti-2Al-16V, simulating the alpha and beta phases of Ti-6A1-4V, respectively, were prepared with oxygen concentrations from 0.07 to 0.65 wt pct (0.20 to 1.83 at. ![]()
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